Introduction: ETHICAL LEADERSHIP is LEADERSHIP focused on appropriate behavior through respect for ethics and values, as well as the rights and dignity of others. ETHICAL LEADERSHIP can add value to businesses by motivating employees and fulfilling company values. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the relationship between ETHICAL LEADERSHIP and cooperative social responsibility and the moral climate of the organization. Material & Methods: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research included all employees of Management and Science University (MSU) in Malaysia. Among them, 200 people were selected as the research sample using a simple random sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling method. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that ETHICAL LEADERSHIP has a direct and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility and ETHICAL climate. Also, moral climate has a direct and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility. At the same time, ETHICAL LEADERSHIP has an indirect and positive effect on cooperative social responsibility through the mediation of ETHICAL climate. Conclusion: ETHICAL LEADERSHIP can affect their social responsibility by inspiring employees to motivate and align with the company's values. The results of this research showed that ETHICAL LEADERSHIP leads to greater employee satisfaction and collaborative responsibility and leads to the formation of an ETHICAL atmosphere in the organization

Background and Objectives: Competent teachers are key factors in improving the educational system. An impactful LEADERSHIP style and teachers' emotional well-being enhance their professional performance, ultimately affecting the quality of student education. This study examined the role of paternal LEADERSHIP in teachers' emotional well-being and development. Methods: This research was conducted using a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population consisted of all primary school teachers in District 1 of Kermanshah city, totaling 906 individuals; of whom, 479 were male teachers and 427 were female teachers. For sample selection, a simple random sampling method was employed, and according to Morgan’s table, a sample of 270 individuals (91 males and 179 females) were chosen. Data were collected using three questionnaires: the Paternalistic LEADERSHIP Style Questionnaire by Cheng et al. (2000); the Emotional Well-Being Questionnaire by Van Katwyk et al. (2000); and the New Jersey Teachers’ Professional Development Questionnaire (2014).   Findings: The results of the study indicated that in the paternal LEADERSHIP style, the components of benevolent and ETHICAL LEADERSHIP had a significant and positive relationship with teachers' emotional well-being and professional development. Additionally, regression analysis revealed that ETHICAL LEADERSHIP could predict teachers' emotional well-being. Furthermore, ETHICAL and power-oriented LEADERSHIP were found to predict teachers' professional development. Conclusion: This study highlighted the impact of paternalistic LEADERSHIP on teacher well-being and professional development. It suggests that leaders foster a supportive environment for sustainable development and improved educational quality.

Background: Organizational environment is one of the influent factors on employees’ behavior and attitude in the workplace. Thus, today, with increasing importance of ethics in business, attention to creating factors of organization's ETHICAL climate becomes important.Previous studies show that managers play a vital role in providing an ETHICAL framework for organization’s members. The aim of this study is research about ETHICAL LEADERSHIP effect on organization ETHICAL climate. So, after introducing two variables, ETHICAL LEADERSHIP and organization's ETHICAL climate, based on literature about this matter, relationship between these variables was investigated and research hypotheses were formulated.Methods: This research is application based on aim and survey based on methodology.Statistical society was employees of governmental banks in South Khorasan so that sample was selected from 120 persons of them randomly. Data were gathered by two questionnaires, ETHICAL LEADERSHIP and ETHICAL climate, and analyzed by regression analysis and structural equations model.Results: Results of main hypothesis analysis showed that ETHICAL LEADERSHIP has significant and strong effect on organizational ETHICAL climate (g=4.79; r=0.000). Results of analyzing Sub-hypotheses confirmed significant effect between interpersonal interactions (R2=0.169; r=0.000), modeling (R2=0.452; r=0.000) and action oriented behavior (R2=0.364; r=0.000) of ETHICAL leader on organization ETHICAL climate.Conclusion: ETHICAL LEADERSHIP with establishing ETHICAL interactions (interpersonal interactions), playing ETHICAL model role for staff (modeling) and significant attention to ethics in organization, using improving ETHICAL behavior methods and decreasing non-ETHICAL behavior (action oriented behavior) can be effective on organization ETHICAL climate.

Background: ETHICAL LEADERSHIP is one the main important issues in business and researchers follow its impacts in organization but not in temporary organizations with their own requirements. Based on importance of projects in Iran`s economy and poor history, in this research holy defense as project oriented environment and a historical experience and it`s capability to be used in today`s conditions is scrutinized.Method: This is a qualitative research based on grounded theory method. Populations of study are some documents related to the second year of holy defense that coded in tree levels including open, axial and selective coding and then related categories. For examining the credibility of the theory we interview five of holy defense commanders and based on their opinions we correct some errors in the theory.Results: The research show that ETHICAL LEADERSHIP was a key factor in young commander`s transaction with their followers which leads to high motive and performance. Leading role of commanders is the main category and meritorious structure and spiritual vision are the most important contextual conditions.Conclusion: Despite fundamental changes in the conditions of Iranian society from holy defense, the research show that ETHICAL LEADERSHIP can cause high motivation and productivity in today`s project oriented organizations. Meritorious structure is in the hands of managers but spiritual vision needs great effort from both managers of organization and also politicians and law makers to correct the business environment of Iranian society.